Functions, therapeutic applications, and synthesis of retinoids and carotenoids

R Alvarez, B Vaz, H Gronemeyer, AR de Lera - Chemical reviews, 2014 - ACS Publications
Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol, 1, Figure 1) is considered the most multifunctional vitamin in the
human body. 1 It plays key roles in many physiological processes such as vision …

Carotenoids: A brief overview on its structure, biosynthesis, synthesis, and applications

AS Fernandes, TC do Nascimento… - Progress in …, 2018 - books.google.com
Currently, 1178 natural carotenoids have been properly characterized and reported in the
literature, which present a huge structural diversity and physicochemical properties. This …

How colorful are birds? Evolution of the avian plumage color gamut

MC Stoddard, RO Prum - Behavioral Ecology, 2011 - academic.oup.com
The avian plumage color gamut is the complete range of plumage colors, as seen by birds
themselves. We used a tetrahedral avian color stimulus space to estimate the avian …

Structure and optical function of amorphous photonic nanostructures from avian feather barbs: a comparative small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis of 230 bird …

V Saranathan, JD Forster, H Noh… - Journal of The …, 2012 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Non-iridescent structural colours of feathers are a diverse and an important part of the
phenotype of many birds. These colours are generally produced by three-dimensional …

Is carotenoid ornamentation linked to the inner mitochondria membrane potential? A hypothesis for the maintenance of signal honesty

JD Johnson, GE Hill - Biochimie, 2013 - Elsevier
Several mechanistic hypotheses have been proposed for how carotenoid pigmentation of
integumentary structures can serve as an honest signal of individual quality. These …

A ketocarotenoid‐based colour polymorphism in the Sira poison frog Ranitomeya sirensis indicates novel gene interactions underlying aposematic signal variation

E Twomey, JD Johnson, S Castroviejo‐Fisher… - Molecular …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
The accumulation of red ketocarotenoids is an important component of coloration in many
organisms, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In some organisms …

Diversity, physiology, and evolution of avian plumage carotenoids and the role of carotenoid–protein interactions in plumage color appearance

AM LaFountain, RO Prum, HA Frank - Archives of biochemistry and …, 2015 - Elsevier
The diversity of vibrant plumage colors in birds has evolved as a direct result of social and
environmental pressures. To fully understand these underlying pressures it is necessary to …

Molecular diversity, metabolic transformation, and evolution of carotenoid feather pigments in cotingas (Aves: Cotingidae)

RO Prum, AM LaFountain, J Berro… - Journal of Comparative …, 2012 - Springer
Carotenoid pigments were extracted from 29 feather patches from 25 species of cotingas
(Cotingidae) representing all lineages of the family with carotenoid plumage coloration …

Feather carotenoids of the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) across age and sex classes and the reliability of standard color metrics to capture pigment variation

J Hudon, K McKenna, K Donkor, SM Mahoney… - … and Physiology Part B …, 2025 - Elsevier
Plumage ornaments act as important sexual signals, though the extent to which these
ornaments act as honest signals—and the physiological mechanisms that maintain honesty …

Variation in carotenoid–protein interaction in bird feathers produces novel plumage coloration

MM Mendes-Pinto, AM LaFountain… - Journal of the …, 2012 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Light absorption by carotenoids is known to vary substantially with the shape or
conformation of the pigment molecule induced by the molecular environment, but the role of …