Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted various academic researchers,
engineers, science, and technology communities. This attraction is due to their broad …

In today's world that all sciences and technologies, including Wireless Sensor Networks
(WSNs) are dealing with the improvement of the existing solutions, we are looking for time …

The constraints on the battery resources of sensor nodes have been the major stumbling
block in achieving the network longevity and in exploring the potential of Wireless Sensor …

Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has proved to be one of the most efficient
ways to hierarchically organize the network topology for the purposes of load-balancing and …

Energy efficiency is a key challenging task while designing routing model in Wireless
Sensor Network (WSN). Various energy efficiency routing approaches are designed to …

Energy efficiency is one of the main challenges in develo** Wireless Sensor Networks
(WSNs). Since communication has the largest share in energy consumption, efficient routing …

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is comprised of tiny, cheap and power-efficient sensor
nodes which effectively transmit data to the base station. The main challenge of WSN is the …

The Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm which
has been successfully applied to a broad range of clustering applications, including data …

Energy savings optimization becomes one of the major concerns in the wireless sensor
network (WSN) routing protocol design, due to the fact that most sensor nodes are equipped …

Cluster-based hierarchical routing protocols play an essential role in decreasing the energy
consumption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A low-energy adaptive clustering …