Modern genome-scale methods that identify new genes, such as proteogenomics and
ribosome profiling, have revealed, to the surprise of many, that overlap in genes, open …

Plastids and mitochondria each arose from a single endosymbiotic event and share many
similarities in how they were reduced and integrated with their host. However, the …

Five versions of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii reference genome have been produced
over the last two decades. Here we present version 6, bringing significant advances in …

Parasitism, aptly defined as one of the 'living-together'strategies (Trager, 1986), presents a
dynamic system in which the parasite and its host are under evolutionary pressure to evolve …

Effective commercial therapies for Enterocytozoon bieneusi, the most common
microsporidian species identified in humans, are still lacking, making the need to develop …

Microsporidia comprise a large phylum of obligate intracellular eukaryotes that are fungal-
related parasites responsible for widespread disease, and here we address questions about …

The genome of the microsporidia Encephalitozoon cuniculi is widely recognized as a model
for extreme reduction and compaction. At only 2.9 Mbp, the genome encodes approximately …

Recent steep declines in honey bee health have severely impacted the beekee**
industry, presenting new risks for agricultural commodities that depend on insect pollination …

Abstract Background The protist Plasmodiophora brassicae is a soil-borne pathogen of
cruciferous species and the causal agent of clubroot disease of Brassicas including …

The dynamics of reductive genome evolution for eukaryotes living inside other eukaryotic
cells are poorly understood compared to well-studied model systems involving obligate …