Human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis can progress to active disease, be
contained as latent infection, or be eradicated by the host response. Tuberculosis …

One of the greatest challenges facing post-apartheid South Africa is the control of the
concomitant HIV and tuberculosis epidemics. HIV continues to spread relentlessly, and …

Background Control of tuberculosis in settings with high HIV prevalence is a pressing public
health priority. We tested two active case-finding strategies to target long periods of …

Antiretroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) are both effective interventions
to prevent HIV-associated tuberculosis, but work via different mechanisms. We propose that …

Background The Stop TB Partnership target for tuberculosis is to have reduced the
prevalence of tuberculosis by 50% comparing 2015 to 1990. This target is challenging as …

The resurgence of tuberculosis in the 1990s and the emergence of drug-resistant
tuberculosis in the first decade of the 21st century increased the importance of …

Tuberculosis is the oldest of the world's current pandemics and causes 8· 9 million new
cases and 1· 7 million deaths annually. The disease is among the most common causes of …

Background Directly observed treatment short course (DOTS), the global control strategy
aimed at controlling tuberculosis (TB) transmission through prompt diagnosis of symptomatic …

In sub-Saharan Africa, where the emergence of HIV has caused dramatic increases in
tuberculosis (TB) case notifications, new strategies for TB control are necessary. Isoniazid …

HIV has increased the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) by up to sevenfold in African countries,
but antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the incidence of AIDS-related TB. We use a …