Time in the biological sense is measured by cycles that range from milliseconds to years.
Circadian rhythms, which measure time on a scale of 24 h, are generated by one of the most …

Neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) function as part of a central timing circuit that
drives daily changes in our behaviour and underlying physiology. A hallmark feature of SCN …

Environmental temperature cycles are a universal entraining cue for all circadian systems at
the organismal level with the exception of homeothermic vertebrates. We report here that …

▪ Abstract During the past decade, the molecular mechanisms underlying the mammalian
circadian clock have been defined. A core set of circadian clock genes common to most cells …

▪ Abstract Many neurons in the mammalian central nervous system communicate through
electrical synapses, defined here as gap junction–mediated connections. Electrical …

Circadian rhythms influence most of our life activities, notably getting up and going to sleep
every day. The new edition of this book delves into the mechanisms surrounding how these …

Circadian clocks regulate membrane excitability in master pacemaker neurons to control
daily rhythms of sleep and wake. Here, we find that two distinctly timed electrical drives …

The primary mammalian circadian clock resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a
recipient of dense retinohypothalamic innervation. In its most basic form, the circadian …

L-type calcium channels couple membrane depolarization in neurons to numerous
processes including gene expression, synaptic efficacy, and cell survival. To establish the …

Effects of temperature and temperature changes on circadian clocks in cyanobacteria,
unicellular algae, and plants, as well as fungi, arthropods, and vertebrates are reviewed …