Equatorial spread F (ESF) irregularities are caused by plasma instability processes in the
equatorial ionosphere and especially related to plasma bubble phenomena in the topside F …

Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) have long been studied and are becoming increasingly
important because they cause severe scintillations in radio waves from Global Navigation …

The prereversal enhancement (PRE) of the vertical plasma drift in the postsunset sector is
an important factor that controls the generation of equatorial plasma bubbles. In this study …

The occurrence statistics of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) obtained from low‐inclination
orbit satellites are significantly affected by the way the data are sampled and the way that the …

In this paper, presented for the first time the three‐dimensional global morphology and
seasonal variations of scintillation index (S4 index) measured from the signal‐to‐noise ratio …

A Conjugate Point Equatorial Experiment (COPEX) campaign was conducted during the
October–December 2002 period in Brazil, with the objective to investigate the equatorial …

Describing the day‐to‐day variability of Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) occurrence
remains a significant challenge. In this study we use the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere …

Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are plasma density irregularities found in the equatorial
ionosphere after sunset and are closely related to the upward E× B drift before it reverses to …

We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the vertical drifts and equatorial spread F (ESF)
measurements made by the Jicamarca incoherent scatter radar (ISR) between 1994 and …

The Global Positioning System–Radio Occultation (GPS-RO) observations from FormoSat-
3∕ COSMIC are used to comprehend the global distribution of equatorial plasma bubbles …