Introduction: Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines face significant challenges in their translation
from laboratory models, to routine clinical administration. While some VLP vaccines thrive …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically challenged the healthcare
system of almost all countries. The authorities are struggling to minimize the mortality along …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continually poses a significant threat to the
human race, and prophylactic vaccination is the most potent approach to end this pandemic …

Dendritic cells (DCs) present foreign antigen in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells in a process called cross-presentation. An important …

Infectious diseases are a major threat to global human health, yet prophylactic treatment
options can be limited, as safe and efficacious vaccines exist only for a fraction of all …

The success of immunotherapy relies on the participation of all arms of the immune system
and the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in preventing tumor growth is now well established …

The recent development of novel immunotherapies is revolutionizing cancer treatment.
These include, for example, immune checkpoint blockade, immunomodulation, or …

With the emergence of highly virulent influenza viruses and the consequent risk of
pandemics, new approaches to designing universal influenza vaccines are urgently needed …

Molecular pharming or the technology of application of plants and plant cell culture to
manufacture high-value recombinant proteins has progressed a long way over the last three …

Nanoparticles have been gained much attention for biomedical applications. A promising
type of nanocarriers is viral nanoparticles (VNPs) which are natural bio-nanomaterials …