In the last few decades, pharmaceuticals, credited with saving millions of lives, have
emerged as a new class of environmental contaminant. These compounds can have both …

Antibiotics play a key role in the management of infectious diseases in humans, animals,
livestock, and aquacultures all over the world. The release of increasing amount of …

Misuse/over use of antibiotics increases the threats to human health since this is a main
reason behind evolution of antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens. However, metals such as …

Environmental aquatic pollution with antibiotics is a global challenge that affects even
pristine mountain environments. Monitoring the concentration of antibiotics in water is critical …

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is predicted to become the leading cause of
death by 2050 with antibiotic resistance being an important component. Anthropogenic …

Antibiotics are bioactive substances, and their use as human and animal medicines for
illness prevention, disease treatment and growth promotion has increased in recent …

Therapeutic and sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics in livestock farming is and has been, a
common practice worldwide. These bioactive organic compounds have short retention …

Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) are used worldwide in animal farming as drugs to treat or
prevent diseases and serve as feed additives. VAs are usually poorly sorbed in the animal …

The use of antibiotic agents as growth promoters was banned in animal husbandry to
prevent the selection and spread of antibiotic resistance. However, in addition to antibiotic …

In this article, the current knowledge and knowledge gaps in the emergence and spread of
antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock and plants and importance in terms of animal …