The presence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number
of medical conditions; however, the subject remains controversial and no official statements …

Background and Purpose: This scientific statement provides an interprofessional,
comprehensive review of evidence and recommendations for indications, duration, and …

Guidelines for the Echocardiographic Assessment of Atrial Septal Defect and Patent Foramen
Ovale: From the American Society of Echocardiography and Society for Cardiac Angiography …

Atrial septal defects are the third most common type of congenital heart disease. Included in
this group of malformations are several types of atrial communications that allow shunting of …

Percutaneous closure has evolved to become the first-line treatment strategy for most cases
of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) in both adults and children. Its safety and efficacy …

Secundum atrial septal defect (ASDII) is a common congenital heart defect that causes
shunting of blood between the systemic and pulmonary circulations. Patients with an …

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common cardiac abnormality with a prevalence of 25% in
the general population. PFO has been associated with the paradoxical embolism causing …

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are the most common form of congenital heart disease. There
are 4 embryologic types of ASDs, and rhythm considerations vary based on type. ASDs have …

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the two most common congenital heart diseases in
children and adult. After the application of catheter intervention for ASD, this became an …

Introduction: Divers with a patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) have an increased risk for
decompression sickness (DCS) when diving with compressed breathing gas. The relative …