Recently, clinicians have been using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for
treating various pain conditions. This systematic narrative review aimed to examine the use …

Background Headache is a common complication of traumatic brain injury. The International
Headache Society defines post-traumatic headache as a secondary headache attributed to …

Introduction Although migraine and persistent post-traumatic headache often share
phenotypic characteristics, few studies have interrogated the pathophysiological differences …

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a vital role in maintaining and regulating
homeostatic processes. ANS dysfunction has been reported in patients with moderate to …

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests autonomic nervous system (ANS)
dysfunction may occur following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Measures of heart rate …

Background Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a very common symptom following mild
traumatic brain injury (mTBI), yet much remains unknown about the underlying …

Background Persistent post-traumatic headache most commonly has symptoms that overlap
those of migraine. In some cases, it can be clinically difficult to differentiate persistent post …

Background/objective Post-traumatic headache is one of the most common and persistent
symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury. The objective of this narrative review is to …

Abstract Purpose of Review We explore the anatomy of the central and peripheral
autonomic pathways involved in primary headache as well as the mechanisms for …

Introduction: By definition, post-traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain
injury (mTBI) is not associated with brain structural abnormalities that are seen on routine …