The application of scaffolding materials is believed to hold enormous potential for tissue
regeneration. Despite the widespread application and rapid advance of several tissue …

The failure to repair critical‐sized bone defects often leads to incomplete regeneration or
fracture non‐union. Tissue‐engineered grafts have been recognized as an alternative …

Large bone defects that cannot form a callus tissue are often faced with long-time recovery.
Developmental engineering-based strategies with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) …

Bone tissue engineering strategies that recapitulate the developmental process of
endochondral ossification offer a promising route to bone repair. Clinical translation of such …

As bone grafts become more commonly needed by patients and as donors become scarcer,
acellularized bone grafts (ABGs) are becoming more popular for restorative purposes. While …

Effective regeneration of bone defects often presents significant challenges, particularly in
patients with decreased tissue regeneration capacity due to extensive trauma, disease …

Controlling of pro-inflammation induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-
inflammatory response induced by M2 macrophages is important for osteogenesis in the …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease that affects approximately 500
million people worldwide. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective treatment available to …

Massive segmental bone defects (SBD) are mostly treated by removing the fibula and
transplanting it complete with blood supply. While revolutionary 50 years ago, this remains …

Bone substitutes are used in nearly half of all musculoskeletal surgeries. The “gold
standard” graft is an autograft that is limited by supply and site morbidity. Therefore, allograft …