Atmospheric currents influence the choice of migratory routes and flight characteristics of
birds as well as their decisions regarding migration onset and stopovers. Among long …

Raptors primarily use soaring-gliding flight which exploits thermals and ridge lifts over land
to reduce energetic costs. However during migration, these birds often have to cross water …

Migration can be an energetically costly behavior with strong fitness consequences in terms
of mortality and reproduction. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 Migrants should select migratory …

Counts of migrating raptors at Batumi, Georgia, revealed the eastern Black Sea coast to form
one of the most important bottlenecks for raptor migration during autumn in the Eurasian …

Migratory raptors rarely fly over stretches of water larger than 25 km, although different
species undertake water crossings of varying lengths, depending mainly on their wing …

We tagged two juvenile short‐toed eagles in southern Italian peninsula with GPS satellite
transmitters. According to previous visual observations, two different migratory routes for …

The short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus) uses mostly soaring flight over land during
migration to avoid long sea crossings. In particular, birds breeding in central Italy cross the …

Capsule Five Booted Eagles breeding in Spain were tracked by GPS during migration.
Autumn routes were generally more eastern than spring routes, showing a typical loop …

Full article: Summer staging areas of non-breeding Short-toed Snake Eagles Circaetus gallicus
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Migrating juvenile birds rely on endogenous information in choosing the direction in which to
fly, but such input may be overridden by social interactions with experienced individuals. We …