The failure of animal models to predict therapeutic responses in humans is a major problem
that also brings into question their use for basic research. Organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

Tissue/organ shortage is a major medical challenge due to donor scarcity and patient
immune rejections. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict or mimic the human disease condition …

Abstract 3D printing alias additive manufacturing can transform 3D virtual models created by
computer-aided design (CAD) into physical 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner …

The complex microenvironment in which malignant tumor cells grow is crucial for cancer
progression. The physical and biochemical characteristics of this niche are involved in …

Escalating cases of organ shortage and donor scarcity worldwide are alarming reminders of
the need for alternatives to allograft tissues. Within the last three decades, research efforts in …

Organoids serve as a novel tool for disease modeling in three-dimensional multicellular
contexts. Static organoids, however, lack the requisite biophysical microenvironment such …

Hydrogel plays a vital role in cell-laden three dimensional (3D) bioprinting, whereas those
hydrogels mimic the physical and biochemical characteristics of native extracellular matrix …

One of the problems that has slowed the development and approval of new anticancer
therapies is the lack of preclinical models that can be used to identify key molecular, cellular …

Kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells have glomerular-and tubular-
like compartments that are largely avascular and immature in static culture. Here we report …