Species richness increases with energy availability, yet there is little consensus as to the
exact processes driving this species–energy relationship. The most straightforward …

A fundamental goal of ecology is to reveal generalities in the myriad types of interactions
among species, such as competition, mutualism and predation. Another goal is to explain …

Aim Many important patterns and processes vary across the phylogeny and depend on
phylogenetic scale. Nonetheless, phylogenetic scale has never been formally …

The assumption of an ecological limit to the number of species in a given region is frequently
invoked in evolutionary studies, yet its empirical basis is remarkably meager. We explore …

The idea that the number of species within an area is limited by a specific capacity of that
area to host species is old yet controversial. Here, we show that the concept of carrying …

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of Earth's most iconic biodiversity patterns and
still one of the most debated. Explanations for the LDG are often categorized into three …

Aim Inverse latitudinal diversity gradients (i‐LDGs), whereby regional richness peaks
outside the tropics, have rarely been investigated, and their causes remain unclear. Here …

ABSTRACT Clupeiformes (herring, sardines, shad, anchovies and allies) are a globally
distributed clade with nearly 400 marine, freshwater, and diadromous species. Although …

Aim Explore the spatial variation of the relationships between species richness (SR),
phylogenetic diversity (PD) and environmental factors to infer the possible mechanisms …

The mechanisms driving species co‐occurrence are varied and include biotic interactions,
abiotic factors, and scale‐dependent processes. Based on a comprehensive dataset of …