Several epidemiologic and toxicological studies have commonly viewed ambient fine
particulate matter (PM2. 5), defined as particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less …

Particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the outdoor …

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging serious global
health problem. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients, and severe …

These clinical practice guidelines are an update of the guidelines published by the
Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in 2009, prior to the 2009 H1N1 influenza …

Preventing and controlling influenza virus infection remains a global public health
challenge, as it causes seasonal epidemics to unexpected pandemics. These infections are …

As discussed in the Journal recently1 the SARS-CoV-2, a new β-Coronavirus, uses the
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor to enter airway cells. Viral endocytosis is …

Current yearly seasonal influenza vaccines primarily induce an antibody response directed
against the immunodominant but continually diversifying hemagglutinin (HA) head region …

After the recognition in December 2019 of a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown
cause in Wuhan caused by the novel coronavirus, CoV-19, 1 China and the world have …

Influenza is an acute viral respiratory infection that causes significant morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Three types of influenza cause disease in humans. Influenza A is the type most …

Background A synergistic effect of combination therapy with favipiravir and oseltamivir has
been reported in preclinical models of influenza. However, no data are available on the …