We review the evidence for the conceptual association between arithmetic and space and
quantify the effect size in meta-analyses. We focus on three effects:(a) the operational …

In an experiment, 98 children aged 8 to 9, 10 to 12, and 13 to 15 years solved addition
problems with a sum up to 10. In another experiment, the same children solved the same …

Adults shift their attention to the right or to the left along a spatial continuum when solving
additions and subtractions, respectively. Studies suggest that these shifts not only support …

Behavioural studies have suggested that number manipulation involves shifting attention
along a left-to-right oriented continuum. However, these studies provide little evidence about …

Cognitive development is often thought to depend on qualitative changes in problem-solving
strategies, with early develo** algorithmic procedures (eg, counting when adding …

Mental arithmetic and estimating number position on the number-line are proven predictors
of success in mathematics education, and tap on the basic properties of numerical …

Using ERP, we investigated the cause of the tie advantage according to which problems
with repeated operands are solved faster and more accurately than non-tie problems. We …

Two theories stand in contrast regarding the cognitive processes involved in adults solving
basic additions. Associationist theories argue for memory retrieval while procedural theories …

In this research, 10‐to 12‐and 13‐to 15‐year‐old children were presented with very simple
addition and multiplication problems involving operands from 1 to 4. Critically, the arithmetic …

While traditionally considered a motor structure, the cerebellum is also involved in cognition.
However, the underlying cognitive mechanisms through which the cerebellum contributes to …