Recently, integrated optics has become a functional platform for implementing machine
learning algorithms and, in particular, neural networks. Photonic integrated circuits can …

In this study, indium tin oxide (ITO) films (~ 350 nm) were prepared using the electron beam
gun technology. Influence of thermal treatment of the films at a variety of temperatures on the …

Densely integrated active photonics is key for next generation on-chip networks for
addressing both footprint and energy budget concerns. However, the weak light-matter …

Electro-optic modulators transform electronic signals into the optical domain and are critical
components in modern telecommunication networks, RF photonics, and emerging …

Electro-optic modulators provide a key function in optical transceivers and increasingly in
photonic programmable application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) for machine learning …

The class of transparent conductive oxides includes the material indium tin oxide (ITO) and
has become a widely used material of modern every-day life such as in touch screens of …

The ability to modulate light using 2-dimensional (2D) materials is fundamentally challenged
by their small optical cross-section leading to miniscule modal confinements in diffraction …

Digital‐to‐analog converters (DAC) are indispensable functional units in signal processing
instrumentation and wide‐band telecommunication links for both civil and military …

Here we present an innovative free-space optical (FSO) communication system which is
capable of training database in real-time and demultiplex multiplexed spatial structured …

Advancements in nanophotonics have raised the bar for optoelectronic devices, demanding
ultra-compact size, fast speeds, high efficiency, and low energy consumption. Emerging …