Abstract 4D printing refers to single-material or multi-material printing of a device or object
that can be transformed from a 1D strand into pre-programed 3D shape, from a 2D surface …

Abstract 3D printing alias additive manufacturing can transform 3D virtual models created by
computer-aided design (CAD) into physical 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner …

Openness and collaboration in scientific research are attracting increasing attention from
scholars and practitioners alike. However, a common understanding of these phenomena is …

Additive manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a method of manufacturing that
forms parts from powder, wire or sheets in a process that proceeds layer by layer. Many …

Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing use time-consuming, stepwise layer-
by-layer approaches to object fabrication. We demonstrate the continuous generation of …

The formation of 3D objects composed of shape memory polymers for flexible electronics is
described. Layer-by-layer photopolymerization of methacrylated semicrystalline molten …

Purpose–This study aims to quantify the ultimate tensile strength and the nominal strain at
break (ɛf) of printed parts made from polylactic acid (PLA) with a Replicating Rapid …

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) threatens to overwhelm our medical
infrastructure at the regional level causing spikes in mortality rates because of shortages of …

The recent development of the RepRap, an open-source self-replicating rapid prototyper,
has made 3-D polymer-based printers readily available to the public at low costs (< $500) …

As the number of prosumer printers has expanded rapidly, they now make up the majority of
the 3-D printer market and of these printers those in the open-source lineage of the RepRap …