Abstract The Proterozoic Eon spans Earth's middle age during which many important
transitions occurred. These transitions include the oxygenation of the atmosphere …

Although Ce anomalies are commonly used to reconstruct past seawater redox conditions,
published interpretations are based on various proxy materials and analytical approaches …

Eukaryotic life appears to have flourished surprisingly late in the history of our planet. This
view is based on the low diversity of diagnostic eukaryotic fossils in marine sediments of mid …

The mid-Proterozoic, spanning 1.8 to 0.8 billion years ago, is recognized as a phase of
marine anoxia, low marine primary productivity (MPP), and constrained eukaryotic …

The global biosphere is commonly assumed to have been less productive before the rise of
complex eukaryotic ecosystems than it is today. However, direct evidence for this assertion …

The relationship between oxygen and evolution of early eukaryotes including algae and
primitive animals in geological history has been debated, partly due to the varying estimates …

Eukaryogenesis—the process by which the eukaryotic cell emerged—has long puzzled
scientists. It has been assumed that the fossil record has little to say about this process, in …

Reconstructing Earth's oxygenation history is key to deciphering environmental controls on
early biospheric evolution. During the mid-Proterozoic Eon, low (but potentially variable) …

Nitrogen is an essential element to life and exerts a strong control on global biological
productivity. The rise and spread of nitrogen‐utilizing microbial metabolisms profoundly …

The concentration of atmospheric oxygen (pO 2) is thought to have increased throughout
Earth history, punctuated by rapid increases ca. 2.4 and 0.8 billion years ago near the …