Quantum information is a rapidly advancing area of interdisciplinary research. It may lead to
real-world applications for communication and computation unavailable without the …

The subject of quantum computing brings together ideas from classical information theory,
computer science, and quantum physics. This review aims to summarize not just quantum …

A digital computer is generally believed to be an efficient universal computing device; that is,
it is believed to be able to simulate any physical computing device with an increase in …

We show that a set of gates that consists of all one-bit quantum gates [U (2)] and the two-bit
exclusive-O R gate [that maps Boolean values (x, y) to (x, x⊕ y)] is universal in the sense …

Universal Quantum Simulators Page 1 33. G. Felsenfeld et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 2023 (1957);
AG Letai et al., Biochemistry 27, 9108 (1988). 34. M. Riley, Microbiol. Rev. 57, 862 (1993) …

The superposition principle plays the most central role in all considerations of quantum
information, and in most of the" gedanken" experiments and even the paradoxes of quantum …

If the bits of computers are someday scaled down to the size of individual atoms, quantum
mechanical effects may profoundly change the nature of computation itself. The wave …

Over the course of the past decade, decoherence has become a ubiquitous scienti? c term
popular in all kinds of research, from fundamental theories of quantum physics to …

The concept of multiple-particle interference is discussed, using insights provided by the
classical theory of error correcting codes. This leads to a discussion of error correction in a …

Current technology is beginning to allow us to manipulate rather than just observe individual
quantum phenomena. This opens up the possibility of exploiting quantum effects to perform …