During the last two decades, new archaeological projects which systematically integrate a
variety of plant recovery techniques, along with palaeoecology, palaeoclimate, soil science …

Abstract Groundwater 18O/16O, 2H/1H, 13C/12C, 3H, and 14C data can help quantify
molecular movements and chemical reactions governing groundwater recharge, quality …

The possibility that the Amazon forest system could soon reach a tip** point, inducing
large-scale collapse, has raised global concern,–. For 65 million years, Amazonian forests …

INTRODUCTION Individual processes that shape geographical patterns of biodiversity are
increasingly understood, but their complex interactions on broad spatial and temporal scales …

Tip** elements are nonlinear subsystems of the Earth system that have the potential to
abruptly shift to another state if environmental change occurs close to a critical threshold …

Reduced rainfall increases the risk of forest dieback, while in return forest loss might
intensify regional droughts. The consequences of this vegetation–atmosphere feedback for …

The legacy of pre-Columbian land use in the Amazonian rainforest is one of the most
controversial topics in the social,,,,,,,,–and natural sciences,. Until now, the debate has been …

Stalagmite is one kind of secondary carbonates formed in limestone caves (speleothem).
After cave water droplets containing Ca 2+ and HCO _3^-HCO 3− drip onto floor, carbonate …

The climatic controls on the stable carbon isotopic composition (δ 13 C) of speleothem
carbonate are less often discussed in the scientific literature in contrast to the frequently …

Using the most comprehensive fish occurrence database, we evaluated the importance of
ecological and historical drivers in diversity patterns of subdrainage basins across the …