Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play important roles in plant survival and in creating
ecological connections between other species. In addition to providing a variety of valuable …

Secondary metabolites are gaining an increasing importance in various industries, such as
pharmaceuticals, dyes, and food, as is the need for reliable and efficient methods of …

Polluted soil and water impact the quality of food and nutrients of human and animal biota.
Soil and water are mainly polluted by effluent discharges from industries, which are broadly …

Plants need to counter continuous threats posed by the environment, such as pathogen
attacks (fungi, viruses, insects, nematodes) and harsh physical conditions (drought, salinity …

Plants are constantly exposed to a wide array of complex interactions involving various
environmental factors, leading to disruptions in their metabolic processes and incurring …

Plant secondary metabolites are unique sources for pharmaceuticals, food additives, flavors,
and industrially important biochemicals. Accumulation of such metabolites often occurs in …

Plant secondary metabolites are vital for human health leading to the gain the access to
natural products. The quality of crops is the result of the interaction of different biotic and …

Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal (HM) that harms plant growth and productivity.
Phytohormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), and osmoprotectants …

Plant secondary metabolites are having the great application in human health and
nutritional aspect. Plant cell and organ culture systems are feasible option for the production …

Extreme environmental conditions, such as abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, heat, chilling
and intense light), offer great opportunities to study how different microorganisms and plant …