Understanding how genotypes map onto phenotypes, fitness, and eventually organisms is
arguably the next major missing piece in a fully predictive theory of evolution. We refer to this …

The adaptive landscape is an iconic metaphor that pervades evolutionary biology. It was
mostly applied in theoretical models until recent years, when empirical data began to allow …

Understanding the relationship between protein sequence, function, and stability is a
fundamental problem in biology. The essential function of many proteins that fold into a …

Transcription factors (TFs) are primary regulators of gene expression in cells, where they
bind specific genomic target sites to control transcription. Quantitative measurements of TF …

Evolution of gene regulation is crucial for our understanding of the phenotypic differences
between species, populations and individuals. Sequence-specific binding of transcription …

Transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are important sources of evolutionary innovations.
Understanding how evolution navigates the sequence space of such sites can be achieved …

Many cellular functions depend on highly specific intermolecular interactions, for example
transcription factors and their DNA binding sites, microRNAs and their RNA binding sites …

The recent technological advances underlying the screening of large combinatorial libraries
in high-throughput mutational scans deepen our understanding of adaptive protein evolution …

Type II restriction-modification (R–M) systems play a pivotal role in bacterial defense against
invading DNA, influencing the spread of pathogenic traits. These systems often involve …

We explore sequence determinants of enzyme activity and specificity in a major enzyme
family of terpene synthases. Most enzymes in this family catalyze reactions that produce …