The illusory truth effect: A review of how repetition increases belief in misinformation

J Udry, SJ Barber - Current Opinion in Psychology, 2024 - Elsevier
Repetition increases belief in information, a phenomenon known as the illusory truth effect.
In laboratory experiments, the illusory truth effect has often been examined using general …

[HTML][HTML] Accuracy and social motivations shape judgements of (mis) information

S Rathje, J Roozenbeek, JJ Van Bavel… - Nature Human …, 2023 - nature.com
The extent to which belief in (mis) information reflects lack of knowledge versus a lack of
motivation to be accurate is unclear. Here, across four experiments (n= 3,364), we motivated …

[HTML][HTML] People underestimate the influence of repetition on truth judgments (and more so for themselves than for others)

S Mattavelli, J Béna, O Corneille, C Unkelbach - Cognition, 2024 - Elsevier
People judge repeated statements as more truthful than new statements: a truth effect. In
three pre-registered experiments (N= 463), we examined whether people expect repetition …

[HTML][HTML] Illusions of knowledge due to mere repetition

F Speckmann, C Unkelbach - Cognition, 2024 - Elsevier
Repeating information increases people's belief that the repeated information is true. This
truth effect has been widely researched and is relevant for topics such as fake news and …

The Achilles' heel of the truth bias? High personal stakes reduce vulnerability to false information

M Pantazi, O Klein, M Kissine - European Journal of Social …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
While, by default, people tend to believe communicated content, it is also possible that they
become more vigilant when personal stakes increase. A lab (N= 72) and an online (N= 284) …

Truth-by-repetition across languages.

C Unkelbach, A Roets - Journal of Applied Research in Memory …, 2024 - psycnet.apa.org
People are more likely to believe information to be true if they have encountered it before.
Research on this truth-by-repetition effect (TBRE) typically only considered one's native …

Believing the Untrue: How Social Media, Sexism, and Structural Gender Inequality Influence Misinformation About Women Politicians

S Ahmed, M Masood, ABW Ting - Journalism & Mass …, 2025 - journals.sagepub.com
We explore the link between social media news consumption and belief in misinformation
about women politicians in India. In addition, we investigate the roles of sexism, with …

Illusory truth effect across languages and scripts

A Hatzidaki, M Santesteban, E Navarrete - Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2024 - Springer
The repetition of a statement increases its credibility, a phenomenon known as the illusory
truth effect. Here we tested whether the illusory truth effect persists across languages and …

“Questioning” the Truth Effect: Processing information in interrogative form reduces (but does not cancel) repetition-induced truth

S Mattavelli, C Bianchi - 2023 - osf.io
People attribute higher truth to statements they have previously been exposed to, as
compared to new ones. This “truth effect” is pervasive and resistant to many interventions …

Optimism in property markets

H Cosic, YG Muradoglu - Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), 2024 - ideas.repec.org
House valuation involves forecasting household demand for a neighborhood, whereas
commercial property valuation involves forecasting area economic activity. Yet, we show …