Infrared difference spectroscopy probes vibrational changes of proteins upon their
perturbation. Compared with other spectroscopic methods, it stands out by its sensitivity to …

Rhodopsin, the protein responsible for converting light into an optic nerve impulse, and
bacteriorhodopsin, the light transducing protein of the purple membrane of Halobacterium …

Light-driven outward H+ pumps are widely distributed in nature, converting sunlight energy
into proton motive force. Here we report the characterization of an oppositely directed H+ …

L, and bR—* M photoreactions in bacteriorhodopsin mutants in which Asp residues 85, 96,
115, and 212 have been replaced by Asn and by Glu. Difference peaks that had previously …

We have developed a new technique for the study of redox‐linked conformational changes
in proteins, by the combination of two established techniques. Fourier‐transform infrared …

In 1961, two concepts of energy coupling were published, one by Mitchell I and the other by
Williams z, both dealing with the transfer of charges (electrons, H÷, OH-) in biological energy …

The analysis of the vibrational spectrum of the retinal chromophore in bacteriorhodopsin
with isotopic derivatives provides a powerful" structural dictionary" for the translation of …

Revised Manuscript Received January 23, 1995® abstract: Fourier transform infrared
studies of nickel hydrogenase from Chromatium vinosum reveal the presence of a set of …

Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a light-driven proton pump whose function includes two key
membrane-based processes, active transport and energy transduction. Despite extensive …

Conclusions CHFPT calculationsusing large s, p bases and flexible d po-larization functions
semiquantitatively reproducethe experimentally observed high 31P chemical shielding of …