The photoreceptor/RPE complex must maintain a delicate balance between maximizing the
absorption of photons for vision and retinal image quality while simultaneously minimizing …

The ability of light to enact damage on the neurosensory retina and underlying structures
has been well understood for hundreds of years. While the eye has adapted several …

Visual perception occurs when radiation with a wavelength between 400 and 760 nm
reaches the retina. The retina has evolved to capture photons efficiently and initiate visual …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major health problem in the developed world
accounting for approximately half of all blind registrations. Current treatment options are …

Aim: To analyse how intraocular lens (IOL) chromophores affect retinal photoprotection and
the sensitivity of scotopic vision, melanopsin photoreception, and melatonin suppression …

Light damage to the retina occurs through three general mechanisms involving thermal,
mechanical, or photochemical effects. The particular mechanism activated depends on the …

Since the publication of the ICNIRP Revision of the Guidelines on Limits of Exposure to
Laser Radiation (ICNIRP 1996, 2000), further research supports amending the retinal …

Photochemical damage to the retina occurs for prolonged exposures of intense light. Two
action spectra exist for this phenomenon. In rat an action spectrum matching the absorption …

Older, and even some modern, intraocular lenses (IOLs) transmit potentially hazardous
ultraviolet radiation (UVR) to the retina. In addition, IOLs transmit more blue and green light …

A brief review of retinal light damage is presented. Thermal damage requires a local rise in
temperature of at least 10 C, causing an instant denaturation of proteins. The primary …