Teleost fish possess an adaptive immune system associated with each of their mucosal
body surfaces. Evidence obtained from mucosal vaccination and mucosal infection studies …

Innate immunity driven by pattern recognition receptor (PRR) protects the host from invading
pathogens. Aquatic animals like fish where the adaptive immunity is poorly developed …

With the fast growth of today's aquaculture industry, the demand for aquafeeds is expanding
dramatically. Insects, which are part of the natural diet of salmonids, could represent a …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a conserved group of germline-encoded pattern
recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns …

Recent advances in gene editing techniques have not been exploited in farmed fishes. We
established a gene targeting technique, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in Labeo rohita, a …

In the host innate immune system, various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize
conserved pathogens-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and represent an efficient …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),
which play significant roles in innate immunity to defense against pathogen invasion. Many …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sit at the top of the immune system pyramid. They form a
paramount family of immune sentinels capable of sensing diverse microbe-associated …

Research on the innate immunity has accelerated over the last decades. The main reason
for this has been the discovery of receptors recognizing danger molecules from pathogens …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can
recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PMPs) and play important roles in the …