BACKGROUND: Glutathione-dependent catalysis is a metabolic adaptation to chemical
challenges encountered by all life forms. In the course of evolution, nature optimized …

Glutaredoxin, Grx, is a small protein containing an active site cysteine pair and was
discovered in 1976 by Arne Holmgren. The Grx system, comprised of Grx, glutathione …

Understanding translational control in gene expression relies on precise and
comprehensive determination of translation initiation sites (TIS) across the entire …

Significance: Mitochondrial glutathione fulfills crucial roles in a number of processes,
including iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis and peroxide detoxification. Recent Advances …

Protein structure and function can be altered by reactive oxygen species produced either by
cell metabolism or by external oxidants. Although catalases, superoxide dismutases and …

Redox control in the mitochondrion is essential for the proper functioning of this organelle.
Disruption of mitochondrial redox processes contributes to a host of human disorders …

Monothiol glutaredoxins with the CGFS sequence at the active site are widespread among
prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Two subclasses exist, those with a single glutaredoxin domain …

It is widely suggested that a eukaryotic mRNA typically contains one translation start site and
encodes a single functional protein product. However, according to current points of view on …

Caulobacter crescentus undergoes an asymmetric cell division controlled by a genetic
circuit that cycles in space and time. We provide a universal strategy for defining the coding …

Malaria, caused by the apicomplexan parasite Plasmodium, still represents a major threat to
human health and welfare and leads to about one million human deaths annually …