The role of stromal cells and the tumour microenvironment in general in modulating tumour
sensitivity is increasingly becoming a key consideration for the development of active …

Naturally fluorescent proteins have revolutionized biology by enabling what was formerly
invisible to be seen clearly. These proteins have allowed us to visualize, in real time …

Introduction The immune system plays a major role in cancer progression. In solid tumors, 5-
40% of the tumor mass consists of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and there is …

Bone metastases are a frequent complication of many cancers that result in severe disease
burden and pain,,. Since the late nineteenth century, it has been thought that the …

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are used currently in the treatment of patients with bone metastases
because these compounds inhibit bone resorption. We examined here the effects of BPs on …

The role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in cancer is poorly understood. Here we provide
evidence for a role of LPA in the progression of breast cancer bone metastases. LPA …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to:
Describe the mechanism of action of first-generation and nitrogen-containing …

Bone metastasis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in breast cancer.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to better select high-risk patients in order to adapt …

BACKGROUND Bisphosphonates are widely used to treat skeletal complications of
malignancy. These drugs accumulate in bone where they inhibit osteoclastic bone …

Autotaxin (ATX), through its lysophospholipase D activity controls physiological levels of
lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in blood. ATX is overexpressed in multiple types of cancers …