Ecology has joined a world of big data. Two complementary frameworks define big data:
data that exceed the analytical capacities of individuals or disciplines or the “Four Vs” axes …

Satellite remote-sensing and wildlife tracking allow researchers to record rapidly increasing
volumes of information on the spatial ecology of marine megafauna in the context of global …

Cloud computing is a promising computing model that enables convenient and on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources. The first offered cloud …

Abstract Google Earth Engine (GEE) is an ideal platform for large-scale geospatial
agricultural and environmental modeling based on its diverse geospatial datasets, easy-to …

The field of GIS (S for S ystems, S ciences, S ervices, and S tudies) is at a cross‐road in the
early 2010s. Aiming to link the multiple visions for the next phase of GIS development, this …

Several real-world applications involve the aggregation of physical features corresponding
to different geographic and topographic phenomena. This information plays a crucial role in …

Smart cities evolve rapidly along with the technical advances in wireless and sensor
networks, information science, and human–computer interactions. Urban computing …

We examine the ability of CMPs, due to their lower on-chip communication latencies, to
exploit data parallelism at inner-loop granularities similar to that commonly targeted by …

In cloud computing, data owners host their data on cloud servers, and users (data
consumers) can access the data from the cloud servers. This new paradigm of data hosting …

The previous 25 chapters introduced relevant technologies, applications, and other topics
related to Digital Earth. Respective challenges and future research were also proposed by …