The biology of CRISPR-Cas: backward and forward

F Hille, H Richter, SP Wong, M Bratovič, S Ressel… - Cell, 2018 - cell.com
In bacteria and archaea, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
(CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins constitute an adaptive immune system …

Plasmid transfer by conjugation in Gram-negative bacteria: from the cellular to the community level

C Virolle, K Goldlust, S Djermoun, S Bigot, C Lesterlin - Genes, 2020 - mdpi.com
Bacterial conjugation, also referred to as bacterial sex, is a major horizontal gene transfer
mechanism through which DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium by direct …

Diversity, classification and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems

EV Koonin, KS Makarova, F Zhang - Current opinion in microbiology, 2017 - Elsevier
Highlights•Two classes of CRISPR-Cas systems differ by the architectures of effector
modules.•Effectors of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are large, multidomain proteins.•Effector …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lifestyle: A Paradigm for Adaptation, Survival, and Persistence

MF Moradali, S Ghods, BHA Rehm - Frontiers in cellular and infection …, 2017 - frontiersin.org
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen affecting immunocompromised
patients. It is known as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) …

Clades of huge phages from across Earth's ecosystems

B Al-Shayeb, R Sachdeva, LX Chen, F Ward, P Munk… - Nature, 2020 - nature.com
Bacteriophages typically have small genomes and depend on their bacterial hosts for
replication. Here we sequenced DNA from diverse ecosystems and found hundreds of …

Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems

S Shmakov, A Smargon, D Scott, D Cox… - Nature reviews …, 2017 - nature.com
Class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single
multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the …

[HTML][HTML] Biology and applications of CRISPR systems: harnessing nature's toolbox for genome engineering

AV Wright, JK Nuñez, JA Doudna - Cell, 2016 - cell.com
Bacteria and archaea possess a range of defense mechanisms to combat plasmids and viral
infections. Unique among these are the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short …

Diverse evolutionary roots and mechanistic variations of the CRISPR-Cas systems

P Mohanraju, KS Makarova, B Zetsche, F Zhang… - Science, 2016 - science.org
BACKGROUND Prokaryotes have evolved multiple systems to combat invaders such as
viruses and plasmids. Examples of such defense systems include receptor masking …

A cyclic oligonucleotide signaling pathway in type III CRISPR-Cas systems

M Kazlauskiene, G Kostiuk, Č Venclovas, G Tamulaitis… - Science, 2017 - science.org
Type III CRISPR-Cas systems in prokaryotes provide immunity against invading nucleic
acids through the coordinated degradation of transcriptionally active DNA and its transcripts …

CRISPR-Cas: biology, mechanisms and relevance

F Hille, E Charpentier - … of the royal society B: biological …, 2016 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Prokaryotes have evolved several defence mechanisms to protect themselves from viral
predators. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their …