Macrophages can be affected by a variety of factors to change their phenotype and thus
affect their function. Activated macrophages are usually divided into two categories, M1-like …

Human immune system acts as a pivotal role in the tissue homeostasis and disease
progression. Immunomodulatory biomaterials that can manipulate innate immunity and …

Macrophage immunotherapy is an emerging treatment strategy that modulates the immune
system to promote wound healing. The functionality and regeneration of tissue depend on …

Magnetic nanoparticles in general, and iron oxide nanoparticles in particular, have been
studied extensively during the past 20 years for numerous biomedical applications. The …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic whole-joint disease characterized by low-grade
systemic inflammation, degeneration of joint-related tissues such as articular cartilage, and …

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with a proinflammatory microenvironment,
causing poor vascularization and bone regeneration. Due to the lack of effective therapy and …

The cytokines released by immune cells are considered important factors to induce bone
tissue regeneration. However, the pathway of those bone‐targeting macrophage cytokines …

Bone endoprosthesis in patients with systemic chronic inflammation frequently leads to poor
osseointegration after implantation mainly due to the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines …

To engineer patient‐derived cells into therapy‐purposed biologics is a promising solution to
realize personalized treatments. Without using gene‐editing technology, a live cell‐typed …

Biological interactions between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), cancer cells and
other cells within the tumor microenvironment contribute to tumorigenesis, tumor growth …