As recently as the 1990s, studies showed that most people preferred getting information
from other people rather than from information retrieval systems. Of course, in that time …

" This book is an absolute necessity for instructors at all levels, as well as an indispensible
reference for researchers. Introducing NLP, computational linguistics, and speech …

Abstract Models of document indexing and docu-ment retrieval have been extensively
studied. The integration of these two classes of models has been the goal of several …

The Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition presents practical tools
and techniques for implementing natural language processing in computer systems. Along …

The purposeofthis book is to providea recordofthe stateofthe art in Topic Detection and
Tracking (TDT) in a single place. Research in TDT has been going on for about five years …

With growing interest in Chinese Language Processing, numerous NLP tools (eg, word
segmenters, part-of-speech taggers, and parsers) for Chinese have been developed all over …

In this paper we report results of a supervised machine-learning approach to Chinese word
segmentation. A maximum entropy tagger is trained on manually annotated data to …

Linguists and speech researchers who use statistical methods often need to estimate the
frequency of some type of item in a population containing items of various types. A common …

In addition to ordinary words and names, real text contains non-standard “words"(NSWs),
including numbers, abbreviations, dates, currency amounts and acronyms. Typically, one …

Text data are ubiquitous and play an essential role in big data applications. However, text
data are mostly unstructured. Transforming unstructured text into structured units (eg …