Throughout their lives animals must complete many tasks, including finding food, avoiding
predators, attracting mates, and navigating through a complex and dynamic environment …

Birds are renowned for their exceptional vision and the way that this enables them to survive
and navigate the world in such a unique way. However, it is now recognised that avian …

Birds show interspecific variation both in the size of the fields of individual eyes and in the
ways that these fields are brought together to produce the total visual field. Variation is found …

Birds use their visual systems for important tasks, such as foraging and predator detection,
that require them to resolve an image. However, visual acuity (the ability to perceive spatial …

Background Different strategies to search and detect prey may place specific demands on
sensory modalities. We studied visual field configuration, degree of eye movement, and orbit …

Avian species vary in their visual system configuration, but previous studies have often
compared single visual traits between two to three distantly related species. However, birds …

One hypothesis about the origins and evolution of coordinated animal movements is that
they may serve as a defensive mechanism against predation. Earlier studies of the possible …

The distribution of ganglion cells in the retina determines the specific regions of the visual
field with high visual acuity, and thus reflects the perception of a species' visual environment …

Throughout the world, birds represent the primary type of wildlife that people experience on
a daily basis. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that alterations to the acoustic …

Predator–prey interactions are regulated by the ability of individuals to detect, and then
approach or avoid, each other. In visually guided organisms, the prevalent view is that …