Abstract 3D printer technology is one of the innovations brought by the industrial age. It has
been in our lives for many years. It is rapidly develo** and used in many sectors like …

The porous structure design of implants can not only obtain a more lightweight implant but
also provide more space for its cell growth. The technology development of additive …

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a versatile biopolymer. PLA is synthesized with ease from abundant
renewable resources and is biodegradable. PLA has shown promise as a biomaterial in a …

Bone biomaterials play a vital role in bone repair by providing the necessary substrate for
cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and by modulating cell activity and function. In …

Bone tissue engineering commonly encompasses the use of three-dimensional (3D)
scaffolds to provide a suitable microenvironment for the propagation of cells to regenerate …

Cellular agriculture is an emerging scientific discipline that leverages the existing principles
behind stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and animal sciences to create agricultural …

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is becoming an increasingly common technique to fabricate
scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering applications. This is due to the potential of 3D …

3D bioprinting has been developed to effectively and rapidly pattern living cells and
biomaterials, aiming to create complex bioconstructs. However, placing biocompatible …

The rising incidence of bone disorders has resulted in the need for more effective therapies
to meet this demand, exacerbated by an increasing ageing population. Bone tissue …

Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer‐based materials with high water content and physical
characteristics that resemble the native extracellular matrix. Because of their remarkable …