Salamanders have been hailed as champions of regeneration, exhibiting a remarkable
ability to regrow tissues, organs and even whole body parts, eg their limbs. As such …

Modularity is now generally recognized as a fundamental feature of organisms, one that may
have profound consequences for evolution. Modularity has recently become a major focus of …

After decades of debate, biologists today largely agree that most speciation events require
an allopatric phase (that is, geographic separation), but the role of adaptive ecological …

The environment experienced early in life often affects the traits that are developed after an
individual has transitioned into new life stages and environments. Because the phenotypes …

Phylogenetic regression is frequently used in macroevolutionary studies, and its statistical
properties have been thoroughly investigated. By contrast, phylogenetic ANOVA has …

Metamorphosis is widespread across the animal kingdom and induces fundamental
changes in the morphology, habitat and resources used by an organism during its lifetime …

Most animals have complex life cycles including metamorphosis or other discrete life stage
transitions, during which individuals may be particularly vulnerable to environmental …

Habitat is one of the most important factors sha** organismal morphology, but it may vary
across life history stages. Ontogenetic shifts in ecology may introduce antagonistic selection …

Salamanders are an important group of living amphibians and model organisms for
understanding locomotion, development, regeneration, feeding, and toxicity in tetrapods …

It is accepted that non-avian theropod dinosaurs, with their long muscular tails and small
forelimbs, had a centre-of-mass close to the hip, while extant birds, with their reduced tails …