A scientometric analysis of modern research on the second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D: 4D), a
widely studied putative marker for prenatal androgen action, is presented. In early 2009, this …

The ratio of the second-to-fourth finger lengths (2D: 4D) has been proposed as an indicator
of prenatal sex differentiation. However, 2D: 4D has not been studied in the closest living …

Objectives: The relative length of the second‐to‐fourth digits (2D: 4D) has been linked with
prenatal androgen in humans. A recent study shows that the 2D: 4D ratio in mice is …

The steroid environment encountered by a foetus can strongly affect its post-natal
physiology and behaviour. It has been proposed that steroid concentrations experienced in …

In vertebrates, including humans, the relative length of the second to the fourth digit
correlates with sex hormone-dependent behavioural, psychological and physiological traits …

Females of several lizard species modify their body temperature during pregnancy, probably
in connection with the optimisation of hatchling phenotypes. We studied variations in the …

Abstract The Homeobox (Hox) genes direct the development of tetrapod digits. The
expression of Hox genes may be influenced by endogenous sex steroids during …

The ratio between lengths of digit II and IV (digit ratio 2D: 4D) is a morphological feature that
likely affects tetrapod locomotor performances in different microhabitats. Modifications of this …

It is now well documented that androgen and estrogen signaling during early development
cause a sexual dimorphism in second‐to‐fourth digit length ratio (2D: 4D). It is also well …

The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D: 4D) is a well-studied sexual dimorphism that likely
arises as a result of prenatal androgenic effects on homeobox gene expression. This …