Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is increasing, which increases leaf‐scale
photosynthesis and intrinsic water‐use efficiency. These direct responses have the potential …

The geography and timing of changes in water availability under climate change are of
considerable societal interest. Characterizing these changes in a robust and meaningful …

ES 6: 3-5 Replace “It is unequivocal that emissions of the well-mixed greenhouse gases
(GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) from human activities …

Year-to-year changes in carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems have an essential role in
determining atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. It remains uncertain to what extent …

Higher evaporative demands and more frequent and persistent dry spells associated with
rising temperatures suggest that drought conditions could worsen in many regions of the …

Drought is a complex and multivariate phenomenon influenced by diverse physical and
biological processes. Such complexity precludes simplistic explanations of cause and effect …

This paper shows recent progress in our understanding of climate variability and trends in
the Amazon region, and how these interact with land use change. The review includes an …

Numerous current efforts seek to improve the representation of ecosystem ecology and
vegetation demographic processes within Earth System Models (ESM s). These …

Forests are essential in regulating global carbon and water cycles and are critical in
mitigating climate change. Water-use efficiency, defined by the ratio of plant productivity per …

High air temperatures increase atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and the severity of
drought, threatening forests worldwide. Plants regulate stomata to maximize carbon gain …