Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is increasing, which increases leaf‐scale
photosynthesis and intrinsic water‐use efficiency. These direct responses have the potential …

This paper shows recent progress in our understanding of climate variability and trends in
the Amazon region, and how these interact with land use change. The review includes an …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Year-to-year changes in carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems have an essential role in
determining atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. It remains uncertain to what extent …

Higher evaporative demands and more frequent and persistent dry spells associated with
rising temperatures suggest that drought conditions could worsen in many regions of the …

Drought is a complex and multivariate phenomenon influenced by diverse physical and
biological processes. Such complexity precludes simplistic explanations of cause and effect …

Numerous current efforts seek to improve the representation of ecosystem ecology and
vegetation demographic processes within Earth System Models (ESM s). These …

Rising atmospheric CO2 will make Earth warmer, and many studies have inferred that this
warming will cause droughts to become more widespread and severe. However, rising …

The geography and timing of changes in water availability under climate change are of
considerable societal interest. Characterizing these changes in a robust and meaningful …

Accurate representation of photosynthesis in terrestrial biosphere models (TBM s) is
essential for robust projections of global change. However, current representations vary …