This is an overview of the solar modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is a broad
topic with numerous intriguing aspects so that a research framework has to be chosen to …

In this paper we examine the physical foundations and theoretical development of the kappa
distribution, which arises naturally from non-extensive Statistical Mechanics. The kappa …

Abstract The Interstellar Map** and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) is a revolutionary mission
that simultaneously investigates two of the most important overarching issues in …

The solar wind emanating from the Sun interacts with the local interstellar medium (LISM),
forming the heliosphere. Hydrogen energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) produced by the solar …

As the Sun moves through the local interstellar medium, its supersonic, ionized solar wind
carves out a cavity called the heliosphere. Recent observations from the Interstellar …

This textbook, derived from courses given by three leading researchers, provides advanced
undergraduates and graduates with up-to-date coverage of space physics, from the Sun to …

This review summarizes the current state of research aiming at a description of the global
heliosphere using both analytical and numerical modeling efforts, particularly in view of the …

The last solar minimum, which extended into 2009, was especially deep and prolonged.
Since then, sunspot activity has gone through a very small peak while the heliospheric …

Interstellar neutral atoms, unlike charged particles, freely penetrate the heliosphere,
allowing us to sample the physical state of the interstellar matter directly. Most interstellar …

First data from NASA's Interstellar Boundary EXplorer (IBEX) mission show a striking"
ribbon" feature of enhanced energetic neutral atom (ENA) emission. The enhancement in …