We assess evidence relevant to Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity per doubling of
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …

By coordinating the design and distribution of global climate model simulations of the past,
current, and future climate, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) has become …

Black carbon aerosol plays a unique and important role in Earth's climate system. Black
carbon is a type of carbonaceous material with a unique combination of physical properties …

Climate models have continued to be developed and improved since the AR4, and many
models have been extended into Earth System models by including the representation of …

Improved knowledge of glacial-to-interglacial global temperature change yields Charney
(fast-feedback) equilibrium climate sensitivity 1.2±0.3° C (2σ) per W/m2, which is 4.8° C±1.2° …

The emerging environmental awareness of the public, as well as the implementation of
governmental regulations, force organisations to employ corporate environmental practices …

This chapter considers changes in global mean sea level, regional sea level, sea level
extremes, and waves. Confidence in projections of global mean sea level rise has increased …

While climate change mitigation targets necessarily concern maximum mean state changes,
understanding impacts and develo** adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on …

Faced by the realities of a changing climate, decision makers in a wide variety of
organizations are increasingly seeking quantitative predictions of regional and local climate …

New observations and new research have increased our understanding of past, current, and
future climate change since the Third US National Climate Assessment (NCA3) was …