Although thermionic emission has been studied for more than 100 years, recent interest in
novel electron devices for military and civilian use has led to a surge in demand for cathodes …

This work reviews the progress in the area of high current density electron emitters,
specifically for use in high frequency and high-power microwave vacuum electron devices …

The light-emitting diodes (LED) are regarded as one of the most promising devices for
inexpensive and widely used illumination; in particular, they are highly dependent on the …

This paper describes an investigation of the surfaces of scandate cathodes that exhibited
good emission characteristics during close-spaced diode testing. Morphological evaluation …

The size and distribution of Sc 2 O 3 in the composite powder precursor has great effect on
the emission property of scandate cathode. By one-step in-situ synthesis method, the …

One of the important issues with the scandate cathode is the mechanism by which Sc works
on the cathode surface. A surface Sc-rich dispenser cathode was prepared via the vacuum …

Dispenser cathodes are the most widely used electron emission source in vacuum electron
devices. The impregnant is the source for producing active substances in the dispenser …

As the cathode with the highest electron emission capability in the thermionic cathode, the
scandate cathode has attracted more and more attention in recent years, especially the …

Metal coated dispenser cathode is of great interest due to its low operation temperature,
high current density and long lifetime, however, the emission mechanism is still far from …

Scandate cathodes that were fabricated using the liquid-solid process and that exhibited
excellent emission performance were characterized using complementary state-of-the-art …