Frozen soil thermal conductivity (λ eff) is a critical thermo-physical property that is required
for environmental, earth science, geotechnical and geo-environmental applications and …

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is the most widely used non-destructive method to
determine the water content of soils and other porous media. TDR equipment can be …

Development and deployment of sensing technologies is one of the main steps in achieving
sustainability in crop production through precision agriculture. Key sensing methodologies …

Soil thermal diffusivity (k) is an important thermal property that significantly affects ground
energy storage and heat transfer. Direct measurements of soil thermal diffusivity are …

Computed tomography (CT) in combination with advanced image processing can be used to
non-invasively and non-destructively visualize complex interiors of living and non-living …

The measurement of soil moisture in agriculture is currently dominated by a small number of
sensors, the use of which is greatly limited by their small sampling volume, high cost, need …

Soil thermal conductivity (λ) is an important thermal property that is crucial for surface energy
balance and water balance studies. 1602 measured soil thermal conductivity values …

Effective thermal conductivity of soils (λ eff) is a critical parameter for agriculture,
environment science, and engineering. Functions to estimate λ eff from readily available soil …

Thermal conductivity is a key parameter characterizing heat and water transfer in soils. It is
difficult to measure thermal conductivity under freezing conditions. For this reason, some …

Frozen soil is a complex four-phase porous medium consisting of soil solid/rock, air,
unfrozen/liquid water and ice at the subzero temperatures. Freeze-thaw cycles change the …