Climate refugia, locations where taxa survive periods of regionally adverse climate, are
thought to be critical for maintaining biodiversity through the glacial–interglacial climate …

New Zealand has long been a conundrum to biogeographers, possessing as it does
geophysical and biotic features characteristic of both an island and a continent. This schism …

An attempt is made to investigate the nature of cold-stage distributions for those forest trees
which today extend to northern Europe. Evidence is taken from the pollen record of the …

The concept of microrefugia is widely accepted to explain the post‐glacial colonization of
continents, which led to the present‐day biotic configuration of the Earth. However, so far …

The allopatric model of biological speciation involves fracturing of a pre-existing species
distribution and subsequent genetic divergence in isolation. Accumulating global evidence …

Recently, a greatly increased number of macrofossil and pollen analytical records from
Australasia and southern South America has permitted, for the first time, a comprehensive …

Aim To evaluate competing views on the origin and distribution of the New Zealand flora by
testing the hypothesis that the geographical distribution of species is unrelated to ecological …

The present New Zealand flora is popularly seen as a living example ofGondwanan'
vegetation isolated by sea-floor spreading in the Late Cretaceous. However, living plants on …

The ratite moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes) were a speciose group of massive graviportal avian
herbivores that dominated the New Zealand (NZ) ecosystem until their extinction≈ 600 …

New Zealand's origin as part of Condwana, the composition of its ancestral biota, its
geographic isolation for 80 million years, its tectonic history of changing shorelines and …