We review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the
remarkable observation of our accelerating universe. In particular we discuss the arguments …

Physics welcomes the idea that space contains energy whose gravitational effect
approximates that of Einstein's cosmological constant, Λ; today the concept is termed dark …

Multimessenger gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy has commenced with the detection of
the binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its associated electromagnetic counterparts …

We review different dark energy cosmologies. In particular, we present the Λ CDM
cosmology, Little Rip and Pseudo-Rip universes, the phantom and quintessence …

We consider f (R, T) modified theories of gravity, where the gravitational Lagrangian is given
by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar R and of the trace of the stress-energy tensor T …

It is extraordinary that a number of observations indicate that we live in a spatially flat, low
matter density Universe, which is currently undergoing a period of accelerating expansion …

After a decade and a half of research motivated by the accelerating universe, theory and
experiment have reached a certain level of maturity. The development of theoretical models …

The dawn of the twenty-first century came with very positive prospects for gravity, cosmology,
and astrophysics. Technological progress made it possible for cosmology to enter to its …

We show that cosmic acceleration can arise due to very tiny corrections to the usual
gravitational action of general relativity, of the form R− n with n> 0. This model eliminates the …

The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in
many decades, implying that the universe is dominated by some form of “dark energy” with …