Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that
vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria …

All bacteria produce secreted vesicles that carry out a variety of important biological
functions. These extracellular vesicles can improve adaptation and survival by relieving …

Complex assemblages of microbes in the surface ocean are responsible for approximately
half of global carbon fixation. The persistence of high taxonomic diversity despite …

The unicellular picocyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photoautotroph
and contributes substantially to global CO 2 fixation. In the vast euphotic zones of the open …

Extracellular vesicles are unique structures released by the cells of all life forms. Bacterial
extracellular vesicles (BEVs) were found in various ecosystems and natural habitats. They …

Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanoparticles derived from the membrane
components of bacteria that transport microbial derived substances. MVs are ubiquitous …

This paper sheds light on the alarming issue of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in aquatic
environments, exploring its detrimental effects on ecosystems and public health. It examines …

Metal homeostasis is fundamental for optimal performance of cell metabolic pathways. Over
the course of evolution, several systems emerged to warrant an intracellular metal …

Extracellular vesicles are small (approximately 50 to 250 nm in diameter), membrane-bound
structures that are released by cells into their surrounding environment. Heterogeneous …

Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have attracted increasing attention due to their
significant roles in bacterial physiology and pathogenic processes. In this review, we provide …