Relativistic interaction of short-pulse lasers with underdense plasmas has recently led to the
emergence of a novel generation of femtosecond x-ray sources. Based on radiation from …

Soon after it was discovered that intense laser pulses of nanosecond duration from a ruby
laser could anneal the lattice of silicon, it was established that this so-called pulsed laser …

Femtosecond x-ray and visible pulses were used to probe structural and electronic
dynamics during an optically driven, solid-solid phase transition in VO 2. For high interband …

One of the great dream experiments in Science is to directly observe atomic motions as they
occur. Femtosecond electron diffraction provided the first'light'of sufficient intensity to …

We used 600-femtosecond electron pulses to study the structural evolution of aluminum as it
underwent an ultrafast laser–induced solid-liquid phase transition. Real-time observations …

The study of phase-transition dynamics in solids beyond a time-averaged kinetic description
requires direct measurement of the changes in the atomic configuration along the physical …

The development of femtosecond lasers brought entirely new possibilities into the practice of
timeresolved spectroscopy, for both UV-vis and IR-Raman spectroscopies. In addition, it has …

The use of pump-probe experiments to study complex transient events has been an area of
significant interest in materials science, biology, and chemistry. While the emphasis has …

Time-resolved electron diffraction harbors great promise for resolving the fastest chemical
processes with atomic level detail. The main obstacles to achieving this real-time view of a …

Glasses, are amorphous solids, in the sense that they display elastic behaviour. In
crystalline solids, elasticity is associated with phonons, which are quantized vibrational …