Key Points Systemic Light Chain Amyloidosis Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis
is a rare disease that occurs when a plasma cell disorder produces monoclonal light chains …

Systemic immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is a protein misfolding disease caused by
the conversion of immunoglobulin light chains from their soluble functional states into highly …

AL amyloidosis (light chain; previously also called primary amyloidosis) is a systemic
disease characterized by an amyloid deposition process affecting many organs, and which …

Heart failure remains a continuing threat to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Although various heart failure biomarkers have been applied for early detection, diagnosis …

Initially considered as a macrophage inhibitor (macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1), growth
differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been identified as a pleiotropic protein that plays key …

Amyloidoses are characterized by the tissue accumulation of misfolded proteins into
insoluble fibrils. The two most common types of systemic amyloidosis result from the …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common and devastating of the interstitial
lung diseases. Epithelial dysfunction is thought to play a prominent role in disease …

Amyloidosis is a disorder of protein misfolding and metabolism in which insoluble fibrils are
deposited in various tissues, causing organ dysfunction and eventually death. Out of the 60 …

AL amyloidosis is characterized by a low-level expansion of an indolent, small plasma cell
clone that produces amyloidogenic light chains. Amyloid aggregates or preceding …

Abstract Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a GDF subfamily member with potential
kidney protective functions. Its nephroprotective activity is associated with both inflammation …