Migraine is a complex brain disorder explained by the interaction of genetic and
environmental factors. In monogenic migraines, including familial hemiplegic migraine and …

Background Neuroinflammation has an important role in the pathophysiology of migraine,
which is a complex neuro-glio-vascular disorder. The main aim of this review is to highlight …

Plaguing humans for more than two millennia, manifest on every continent studied, and with
more than one billion patients having an attack in any year, migraine stands as the sixth …

Understanding the mechanisms of migraine remains challenging as migraine is not a static
disorder, and even in its episodic form migraine remains an “evolutive” chronic condition …

Voltage-gated calcium channels are required for many key functions in the body. In this
review, the different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels are described and their …

Spreading depression (SD) is a transient wave of near-complete neuronal and glial
depolarization associated with massive transmembrane ionic and water shifts. It is …

Scientific evidence supports the notion that migraine pathophysiology involves inherited
alteration of brain excitability, intracranial arterial dilatation, recurrent activation, and …

Voltage-gated calcium channels are the primary mediators of depolarization-induced
calcium entry into neurons. There is great diversity of calcium channel subtypes due to …

Background Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder with a strong genetic component.
There are rare monogenic forms of migraine, as well as more common polygenic forms; …

Spreading depolarizations (SD) are waves of abrupt, near-complete breakdown of neuronal
transmembrane ion gradients, are the largest possible pathophysiologic disruption of viable …