Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and
pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within …

The gut microbiota has been linked to the emergence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and
the onset of type 2 diabetes through decreased glucose tolerance and insulin resistance …

A substantial body of literature has provided evidence for the role of gut microbiota in
metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. However, reports vary regarding the …

I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

In the last two decades, considerable interest has been shown in understanding the
development of the gut microbiota and its internal and external effects on the intestine, as …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) released from gut enteroendocrine cells controls meal-
related glycemic excursions through augmentation of insulin and inhibition of glucagon …

The gut microbiota has been linked to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
The underlying mechanisms as to how intestinal microbiota may contribute to T2D are only …

Significant interest in recent years has focused on gut microbiota–host interaction because
accumulating evidence has revealed that intestinal microbiota play an important role in …

The complex bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain is finely
orchestrated by different systems, including the endocrine, immune, autonomic, and enteric …

Consumption of over-the-counter probiotics for promotion of health and well-being has
increased worldwide in recent years. However, although probiotic use has been greatly …